HB 1479 - Bonds and recognizances; failure to appear; liability of surety

Georgia House of Representatives - 1995/1996 Sessions

HB 1479 - Bonds and recognizances; failure to appear; liability of surety

Page Numbers - 1/ 2/ 3/ 4/ 5/ 6/ 7/ 8
Code Sections - 17-7-50
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1. Randall  127th

House Comm: SJudy / Senate Comm: S Judy / House Vote: Yeas 144 Nays 17 Senate Vote: Yeas 44 Nays 0 ---------------------------------------- House Action Senate ---------------------------------------- 1/29/96 Read 1st Time 2/27/96 1/30/96 Read 2nd Time 3/12/96 2/15/96 Favorably Reported 3/8/96 Sub Committee Amend/Sub Am 2/26/96 Read 3rd Time 3/14/96 2/26/96 Passed/Adopted 3/14/96 CSFA Comm/Floor Amend/Sub CAFA 3/15/96 Amend/Sub Agreed To 3/18/96 4/4/96 Sent to Governor 4/15/96 Signed by Governor 983 Act/Veto Number 4/15/96 Effective Date ---------------------------------------- House Agrees to Senate Amendment #1 as Amended by House and Agreed to Senate Amendment #2 Senate Agrees to House Amendment to Senate Amendment #1 Code Sections amended: 17-6-1, 17-6-54, 17-6-72, 17-7-50, 24-10-130
HB 1479 HB 1479/AP H. B. No. 1479 (AS PASSED HOUSE AND SENATE) By: Representative Randall of the 127th A BILL TO BE ENTITLED AN ACT 1- 1 To amend Chapter 6 of Title 17 of the Official Code of 1- 2 Georgia Annotated, relating to bonds and recognizances, so 1- 3 as to change the provisions relating to which offenses are 1- 4 bailable before a judge of the superior court; to amend 1- 5 Chapter 7 of Title 17 of the Official Code of Georgia 1- 6 Annotated, relating to pretrial proceedings, so as to change 1- 7 the provisions relating to the right of a person who is 1- 8 refused bail to have the charges against him or her heard by 1- 9 a grand jury within 90 days; to provide that in cases where 1-10 the person is arrested for a crime for which the death 1-11 penalty may be imposed, the superior court may, upon a 1-12 motion of the district attorney and after a hearing and good 1-13 cause shown, grant one extension not exceeding 90 days to 1-14 the 90 day period before the arrested person is entitled to 1-15 such right to have the charges heard by a grand jury; to 1-16 change the provisions relating to when the accused shall 1-17 have bail set upon application to the court when the grand 1-18 jury has not considered the charges against the accused; to 1-19 provide certain conditions under which a surety is not 1-20 required to return to the principal the compensation 1-21 received for signing the bond when the surety surrenders the 1-22 defendant before final disposition of the case; to change 1-23 the provisions relating to conditions not warranting 1-24 forfeiture of bond for failure of the principal to appear; 1-25 to authorize a surety to present a letter of intent to pay 1-26 all cost of returning a principal to the jurisdiction of the 1-27 court in lieu of tendering costs; to provide that, should 1-28 the state fail to place a detainer after a request therefor 1-29 as provided in this Act within 15 days, excluding Saturdays, 1-30 Sundays, and legal holidays, and after presentation and 1-31 letter of intent to pay costs, the surety shall be relieved 1-32 of the liability of the appearance bond; to provide 1-33 conditions under which a court shall order a remission of a 1-34 portion of the amount of the bond; to amend Code Section 1-35 24-10-130 of the Official Code of Georgia Annotated, 1-36 relating to when depositions for preservation of evidence in 1-37 criminal proceedings may be taken, so as to provide for the H. B. No. 1479 -1- (Index) HB 1479/AP 2- 1 preservation of evidence of nonresident aliens; to provide 2- 2 for repeal of such provision; to provide for effective 2- 3 dates; to repeal conflicting laws; and for other purposes. 2- 4 BE IT ENACTED BY THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF GEORGIA: SECTION 1. 2- 5 Chapter 6 of Title 17 of the Official Code of Georgia 2- 6 Annotated, relating to bonds and recognizances, is amended 2- 7 by striking in its entirety paragraph (9) of subsection (a) 2- 8 of Code Section 17-6-1, relating to where offenses are 2- 9 bailable and schedule of bails, and inserting in lieu 2-10 thereof a new paragraph (9) to read as follows: 2-11 "(9) Manufacturing, distributing, delivering, 2-12 dispensing, administering, or selling, or possessing 2-13 with intent to distribute any controlled substance 2-14 classified under Code Section 16-13-25 as Schedule I or 2-15 under Code Section 16-13-26 as Schedule II;" SECTION 2. 2-16 Said chapter is further amended by striking in its entirety 2-17 subsection (a) of Code Section 17-6-54, relating to 2-18 prohibition against professional bondsman or his or her 2-19 agents or employees from receiving further compensation 2-20 after becoming surety on a criminal bond, and inserting in 2-21 lieu thereof a new subsection (a) to read as follows: 2-22 "(a) No professional bondsman, or his or her agents, or 2-23 employees who receive compensation for becoming the surety 2-24 on a criminal bond shall thereafter receive any other sum 2-25 in the case. If, before final disposition of the case, the 2-26 surety surrenders the defendant who is the principal on 2-27 the bond into the custody of the court, he must first 2-28 return to the principal the compensation received for 2-29 signing the bond as surety. If the surety surrenders a 2-30 defendant into the custody of the court, the sheriff, or 2-31 another law enforcement officer in the jurisdiction where 2-32 the bond was made before final disposition of the case, 2-33 the surety is required to return to the principal the 2-34 compensation received for signing the bond as surety if 2-35 such surrender of the defendant is for reasons other than: 2-36 (1) The defendant's arrest for a crime other than a 2-37 traffic violation or misdemeanor; 2-38 (2) The defendant's cosigner attests in writing the 2-39 desire to be released from the bond; H. B. No. 1479 -2- (Index) HB 1479/AP 3- 1 (3) The defendant fails to provide to the court and the 3- 2 surety the defendant's change of address; 3- 3 (4) The defendant fails to pay any fee due to the surety 3- 4 after being notified by certified mail that the same is 3- 5 past due; 3- 6 (5) The defendant fails to notify the court and the 3- 7 surety upon leaving the jurisdiction of the court; or 3- 8 (6) The defendant provides false information to the 3- 9 surety." SECTION 3. 3-10 Said chapter is further amended by striking in their 3-11 entirety subsections (b), (c), and (d) of Code Section 3-12 17-6-72, relating to conditions not warranting forfeiture of 3-13 bond for failure to appear, and inserting in lieu thereof 3-14 new subsections (b), (c), and (d) to read as follows: 3-15 "(b) No judgment shall be rendered on a forfeiture of any 3-16 appearance bond if it is shown to the satisfaction of the 3-17 court that the principal on the bond was prevented from 3-18 attending because he or she was detained by reason of 3-19 arrest, sentence, or confinement in a penal institution or 3-20 jail in the State of Georgia, or so detained in another 3-21 jurisdiction, or because he or she was involuntarily 3-22 confined or detained pursuant to court order in a mental 3-23 institution in the State of Georgia or in another 3-24 jurisdiction. An official written notice of the holding 3-25 institution in which the principal is being detained or 3-26 confined shall be considered proof of the principal's 3-27 detention or confinement and such notice may be sent from 3-28 the holding institution by mail or delivered by hand or by 3-29 facsimile machine. Upon the presentation of such written 3-30 notice to the clerk of the proper court, and the 3-31 prosecuting attorney, and the sheriff or other law 3-32 enforcement officer having jurisdiction over the case, 3-33 along with the tender of costs by the surety to the 3-34 sheriff or other law enforcement officer necessary for the 3-35 return of the principal a letter of intent to pay all 3-36 costs of returning the principal to the jurisdiction of 3-37 the court, such notice and letter shall serve as the 3-38 surety's request for a detainer or hold to be placed on 3-39 the principal. Should there be a failure to place a 3-40 detainer or hold within 30 15 days, excluding Saturdays, 3-41 Sundays, and legal holidays included, and after such 3-42 presentation of such notice and tender of letter of intent H. B. No. 1479 -3- (Index) HB 1479/AP 4- 1 to pay costs, the surety shall then be relieved of the 4- 2 liability for the appearance bond without further order of 4- 3 the court. 4- 4 (c) No judgment shall be rendered on a forfeiture of any 4- 5 appearance bond if it is shown to the satisfaction of the 4- 6 court that prior to the entry of the judgment on the 4- 7 forfeiture the principal on the bond is in the custody of 4- 8 the sheriff or other responsible law enforcement agency. 4- 9 A written notice of the sheriff or other responsible law 4-10 enforcement officer having custody or detention of the 4-11 principal shall be considered adequate proof of such 4-12 custody or detention. Except in cases where the principal 4-13 on the bond is in the custody of the sheriff or other 4-14 responsible law enforcement agency of the jurisdiction in 4-15 which forfeiture proceedings were commenced pursuant to 4-16 Code Section 17-6-70, An official written notice of the 4-17 holding institution in which the principal is being 4-18 detained or confined shall be considered proof of the 4-19 principal's detention or confinement and such notice may 4-20 be sent from the holding institution by mail or delivered 4-21 by hand or by facsimile machine. Upon presentation of such 4-22 official written notice to the court clerk of the proper 4-23 court, and the prosecuting attorney, and the sheriff or 4-24 other law enforcement officer having jurisdiction of over 4-25 the case along with tender of the estimated cost necessary 4-26 to return the principal a letter of intent to pay all 4-27 costs of returning the principal to the jurisdiction of 4-28 the court, such notice and letter shall act serve as a the 4-29 surety's request that for a detainer or hold to be placed 4-30 against the principal. Upon the sheriff or other officer 4-31 of the jurisdiction where the case is pending assuming 4-32 custody of the principal, the surety shall be relieved of 4-33 the bond obligation. Should the state fail there be a 4-34 failure to place a detainer or hold within 30 15 days, 4-35 excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and legal holidays included, 4-36 and after presentation of such notice and the tender of 4-37 the estimated cost necessary to return the principal 4-38 letter of intent to pay costs, the surety shall then be 4-39 relieved for the bond obligation of the liability for the 4-40 appearance bond without further order of the court. 4-41 (d) In cases in which paragraph (3) of this subsection is 4-42 not applicable, on application filed within 120 days from 4-43 the payment of judgment, the court shall order remission 4-44 under the following conditions: H. B. No. 1479 -4- (Index) HB 1479/AP 5- 1 (1) Provided the bond amount has been paid at any time 5- 2 within 120 days after judgment and the delay has not 5- 3 prevented the proper prosecution of the principal, and 5- 4 upon application to the court with prior notice to the 5- 5 prosecuting attorney of such application, said court 5- 6 shall direct remission of 95 percent of the bond amount 5- 7 remitted to the surety if the surety locates the 5- 8 principal in the custody of the sheriff in the 5- 9 jurisdiction where the bond was made or in another 5-10 jurisdiction causing the return of the principal to the 5-11 jurisdiction where the bond was made, apprehends, 5-12 surrenders, or produces the principal, if the 5-13 apprehension or surrender of the principal was 5-14 substantially procured or caused by the surety, or if 5-15 the location of the principal by the surety causes 5-16 caused the adjudication of the principal in the 5-17 jurisdiction in which the bond was made. Should the 5-18 surety, within two years of the principal's failure to 5-19 appear, locate the principal causing the return of the 5-20 principal to the jurisdiction where the bond was made, 5-21 apprehend, surrender, produce, or substantially cause 5-22 the apprehension or surrender of the principal, or if 5-23 the location of the principal by the surety causes the 5-24 adjudication of the principal in the custody of the 5-25 sheriff in the jurisdiction where the bond was made or 5-26 in another jurisdiction causing the return of the 5-27 principal to the jurisdiction where the bond was made, 5-28 apprehend, surrender, or produce the principal, if the 5-29 apprehension or surrender of the principal is 5-30 substantially procured or caused by the surety, or if 5-31 the location of the principal by the surety causes the 5-32 adjudication of the principal in the jurisdiction where 5-33 in which the bond was made, the surety shall be entitled 5-34 to a refund of 50 percent of the bond amount payment. 5-35 The application for 50 percent remission shall be filed 5-36 no later than 30 days following the expiration of the 5-37 two-year period following the date of judgment; 5-38 (2) Remission shall be granted upon condition of the 5-39 payment of court costs and of the expenses of returning 5-40 the principal to the jurisdiction by the surety; or 5-41 (3) If, within 120 days after judgment, the surety 5-42 surrenders the principal to the sheriff or responsible 5-43 law enforcement officer, or said surrender has been 5-44 denied by the sheriff or responsible law enforcement 5-45 officer, or surety locates the principal in custody in H. B. No. 1479 -5- (Index) HB 1479/AP 6- 1 another jurisdiction, the surety shall only be required 6- 2 to pay costs and 5 percent of the face amount of the 6- 3 bond, which amount includes all surcharges. If it is 6- 4 shown to the satisfaction of the court, by the 6- 5 presentation of competent evidence from the sheriff or 6- 6 the holding institution, that said surrender has been 6- 7 made or denied or that the principal is in custody in 6- 8 another jurisdiction or that said surrender has been 6- 9 made and that 5 percent of the face amount of the bond 6-10 amount and all costs have been tendered to the sheriff, 6-11 the court shall be authorized to direct that the 6-12 judgment be marked satisfied and that the writ of 6-13 execution, (fi. fa.) fi. fa., be canceled." SECTION 4. 6-14 Chapter 7 of Title 17 of the Official Code of Georgia 6-15 Annotated, relating to pretrial proceedings, is amended by 6-16 striking in its entirety Code Section 17-7-50, relating to 6-17 the right to a grand jury hearing within 90 days where bail 6-18 is refused, and inserting in lieu thereof a new Code Section 6-19 17-7-50 to read as follows: 6-20 "17-7-50. (Index) 6-21 Any person who is arrested for a crime and who is refused 6-22 bail shall, within 90 days after the date of confinement, 6-23 be entitled to have the charge against him or her heard by 6-24 a grand jury having jurisdiction over the accused person; 6-25 provided, however, that if the person is arrested for a 6-26 crime for which the death penalty is being sought, the 6-27 superior court may, upon motion of the district attorney 6-28 for an extension and after a hearing and good cause shown, 6-29 grant one extension to the 90 day period not to exceed 90 6-30 additional days; and, provided, further, that if such 6-31 extension is granted by the court, the person shall not be 6-32 entitled to have the charge against him or her heard by 6-33 the grand jury until the expiration of such extended 6-34 period. In the event no grand jury considers the charges 6-35 against the accused person within the 90 day period of 6-36 confinement or within the extended period of confinement 6-37 where such an extension is granted by the court, the 6-38 accused shall have a bail set upon application to the 6-39 court." SECTION 5. 6-40 Code Section 24-10-130 of the Official Code of Georgia 6-41 Annotated, relating to when depositions for preservation of H. B. No. 1479 -6- (Index) HB 1479/AP 7- 1 evidence in criminal proceedings may be taken, is amended by 7- 2 striking subsection (b) in its entirety, and inserting in 7- 3 lieu thereof a new subsection (b) to read as follows: 7- 4 "(b) The court shall not order the taking of the witness's 7- 5 testimony, except as provided in paragraph (2) of 7- 6 subsection (a) of this Code section, unless it appears to 7- 7 the satisfaction of the court that the testimony of the 7- 8 witness is material to the case and the witness: 7- 9 (1) Is in imminent danger of death; 7-10 (2) Has been threatened with death or great bodily harm 7-11 because of the witness's status as a potential witness 7-12 in a criminal trial or proceeding; 7-13 (3) Is about to leave the state and there are reasonable 7-14 grounds to believe that such witness will be unable to 7-15 attend the trial; 7-16 (4) Is so sick or infirm as to afford reasonable grounds 7-17 to believe that such witness will be unable to attend 7-18 the trial; or 7-19 (5) Is being detained as a material witness and there 7-20 are reasonable grounds to believe that the witness will 7-21 flee if released from detention.; or 7-22 (6) Is a nonresident alien." SECTION 6. 7-23 Code Section 24-10-130 of the Official Code of Georgia 7-24 Annotated, relating to when depositions for preservation of 7-25 evidence in criminal proceedings may be taken, is amended by 7-26 striking subsection (b) in its entirety, and inserting in 7-27 lieu thereof a new subsection (b) to read as follows: 7-28 "(b) The court shall not order the taking of the witness's 7-29 testimony, except as provided in paragraph (2) of 7-30 subsection (a) of this Code section, unless it appears to 7-31 the satisfaction of the court that the testimony of the 7-32 witness is material to the case and the witness: 7-33 (1) Is in imminent danger of death; 7-34 (2) Has been threatened with death or great bodily harm 7-35 because of the witness's status as a potential witness 7-36 in a criminal trial or proceeding; H. B. No. 1479 -7- (Index) HB 1479/AP 8- 1 (3) Is about to leave the state and there are reasonable 8- 2 grounds to believe that such witness will be unable to 8- 3 attend the trial; 8- 4 (4) Is so sick or infirm as to afford reasonable grounds 8- 5 to believe that such witness will be unable to attend 8- 6 the trial; or 8- 7 (5) Is being detained as a material witness and there 8- 8 are reasonable grounds to believe that the witness will 8- 9 flee if released from detention.; or 8-10 (6) Is a nonresident alien." SECTION 7. 8-11 Sections 2 and 3 of this Act shall become effective July 1, 8-12 1996. Section 5 of this Act shall become effective upon its 8-13 approval by the Governor or upon its becoming law without 8-14 such approval. Section 6 of this Act shall become effective 8-15 July 1, 1997. SECTION 8. 8-16 All laws and parts of laws in conflict with this Act are 8-17 repealed. H. B. No. 1479 -8- (Index)

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